Venous drainage of the head and clinical correlation of spread of infection?

Hi thats the topic of my anatomy presentation am a dental student can u plzz help on the topics i need to research on and where should i axe my research on specuially on the infection topic.


.thanks

Venous drainage of the head and clinical correlation of spread of infection?
The scalp contains veins similar to its arteries


(supratrochlear, supraorbital, superficial temporal, posterior auricular and occipital veins).


I- The supratrochlear and supraorbital veins unite at the medial angle of the eye


to form the anterior facial vein.


- The anterior facial vein is connected to the superior ophthalmic vein


at its beginning through the supraorbital vein.


The superior ophthalmic vein connects the anterior facial vein to


the cavernous sinus (very clinically important relation).


It is also indirectly connected to the cavernous sinus through


the deep facial vein and pterygoid venous plexus.


II- The superficial temporal vein unites with the maxillary vein


within the parotid gland to form the retromandibular (posterior facial) vein.


This vein divides into anterior and posterior branches which


emerge from the lower end of the gland.


III- The anterior branch of retromandibular vein unites with the anterior facial vein


to form the common facial vein which opens into the internal jugular vein.


VI- The posterior branch of the retromandibular vein unites with the posterior auricular vein


to form the external jugular vein which opens into the subclavian vein.


V-The occipital vein opens into the suboccipital plexus which opens into the vertebral vein.


Infection of the face and


cavernous sinus thrombosis:





- The area of facial skin including the nose, the eye and the upper lip is a potential dangerous zone.


It is very dangerous to have an infection in this area.


- A boil in this region can cause thrombosis of


the facial vein, with spread of organisms through


the superior ophthalmic vein to


the cavernous sinus.


- The resulting cavernous sinus thrombosis may be


fatal if not adequately treated with antibiotics.